{"id":1004,"date":"2019-01-13T10:14:52","date_gmt":"2019-01-13T10:14:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/?p=1004"},"modified":"2025-04-27T10:49:30","modified_gmt":"2025-04-27T10:49:30","slug":"humor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/humor\/","title":{"rendered":"Humor i riure"},"content":{"rendered":"

Riure<\/a>\u00a0 |\u00a0 Acudits i Humor<\/a> |\u00a0 Exemples<\/a><\/p>\n

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El riure<\/h2>\n

(CGPT) No es tracta d’una emoci\u00f3 sin\u00f3 d’una resposta complexa que es pot estar associada a emocions de diversi\u00f3 (amusement), felicitat, alleujament despr\u00e9s d’una tensi\u00f3, sorpresa [per un doble sentit inesperat?], afecte i connexi\u00f3 social, playfulness, euf\u00f2ria, nerviosisme, Schadenfreude. [una mateixa resposta fisiol\u00f2gica associada a diferents experi\u00e8ncies subjectives].<\/span><\/p>\n

Est\u00e0 associat amb l’alliberament d’endorfines que contribueixen a una sensaci\u00f3 plaent. Tamb\u00e9 activa el sistema nervi\u00f3s parasimp\u00e0tic (Sistema nervi\u00f3s aut\u00f2nom<\/a>), reduint el estr\u00e8s.<\/p>\n

Pot ser un mecanisme de defensa en situacions de estr\u00e8s o tristesa.<\/p>\n

La teoria d’incongruitat [cognitiu], el riure es desencadena quan trobem una incongruitat o que les expectatives no es compleixen.<\/p>\n

[Quan riem, no comuniquem el nostre estat als altres com en l’expressi\u00f3 de les emocions?]<\/p>\n

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Acudits i humor<\/h2>\n

(NewYorker<\/a>) Quins acudits ens fan riure? El psic\u00f2leg brit\u00e0nic Richard Wiseman<\/a> va fer un projecte de recerca on la gent aportava acudits<\/a> i els altres votaven si eren divertits o no. Temes que es repetien: \u201cSomeone trying to look clever and taking a pratfall. Husbands and wives not being loving. Doctors being insensitive about imminent death. And God making a mistake. El m\u00e9s votat:<\/p>\n

A couple of New Jersey hunters are out in the woods when one of them falls to the ground. He doesn\u2019t seem to be breathing, his eyes are rolled back in his head. The other guy whips out his cell phone and calls the emergency services. He gasps to the operator, \u201cMy friend is dead! What can I do?\u201d The operator, in a calm soothing voice, says, \u201cJust take it easy. I can help. First, let\u2019s make sure he\u2019s dead.\u201d There is a silence, then a shot is heard. The guy\u2019s voice comes back on the line. He says, \u201cO.K., now what?\u201d<\/p>\n

Ha estat objecte d’estudi de fil\u00f2sofs, psic\u00f2legs i neur\u00f2legs. Es va perdre un tractat d’Arist\u00f2til. El 1901 Bergson\u00a0 va escriure “Qu’est-ce que c’est le rire?”<\/p>\n

No queda clar quins processos cerebrals intervenen. No hi ha un punt a estimular que provoqui riure. Sembla que els jocs de paraules s\u00f3n processats a l’hemisferi esquerre i els\u00a0 no verbals al dret.\u201d In a 1981 paper in\u00a0Brain and Language, the researchers Wendy Wapner, Suzanne Hamby, and Howard Gardner concluded that the left hemisphere of the brain is a \u201chighly efficient, but narrowly programmed linguistic computer; in contrast the right hemisphere constitutes a suitable audience for a humorous silent film.\u201d They explained, \u201cWhile the left hemisphere might appreciate some of Groucho\u2019s puns, and the right hemisphere might be entertained by the antics of Harpo, only the two hemispheres united can appreciate a whole Marx Brothers routine.\u201d Neither hemisphere, apparently, thinks much of Chico.<\/p>\n

Al sXVII Pascal va introduir la teoria de la incongru\u00e8ncia, la desproporci\u00f3 entre l’expectativa i el que passa realment.
\nLa teoria de l’alleujament afirma que trobem divertit el que q\u00fcestiona les normes que reprimeixen desitjos tab\u00fa inconscients. (Freud,\u00a0 \u201cJokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious\u201d 1905).
\nEl neur\u00f2leg V. S. Ramachandran, in \u201cPhantoms in the Brain\u201d (1998), comenta la teoria de la incongru\u00e8ncia com un mecanisme adaptatiu. Despr\u00e9s d’una expectativa d’amena\u00e7a o perill (insular c\u00f2rtex), el anterior cingulate gyrus, detecta una incongru\u00e8ncia i envia el missatge “no hi ha perill” [i tot l’organisme es relaxa, catarsi] . El riure\u00a0 comunica a la resta del grup que no cal preocupar-se.<\/p>\n

[en relaci\u00f3 amb el final inesperat] Leo McCarey, who directed the early Laurel and Hardy films, called it \u201calmost an unwritten rule\u201d\u2014that jokes work best when there are two straightforward examples, to establish a pattern, and then a third, to shatter it. (\u201cMy favorite books are \u2018Moby-Dick,\u2019 \u2018Great Expectations,\u2019 and \u2018Rock Hard Abs in Thirty Days.\u2019 \u201d)<\/p>\n

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Exemples<\/h2>\n

Cabelleres congelades<\/a> \u00a0a Takhini Hot Springs, Canad\u00e0<\/p>\n

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Cursa empaitant un formatge<\/a> a Cooper’s Hill, Gloucestershire<\/div>\n
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Cursa carregant la dona<\/a>, a Sonjakarvi, Finl\u00e0ndia. El premi \u00e9s el pes de la dona, en cervesa.<\/div>\n
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Heavy Metal Knitting<\/a><\/div>\n
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Baixades d’andr\u00f2mines celebrades a moltes poblacions de Catalunya<\/div>\n
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Llen\u00e7ament de botes Wellington<\/a><\/div>\n
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Cursa amb una paella i un pancake<\/a>, Hertford<\/div>\n
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Esports at\u00edpics, cursa amb contenidors de deixalles<\/a>, Guerres de coixins<\/a>, curses amb cabines WC<\/a><\/div>\n
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