sdf<\/p>\n
SXVIII Hasidic, Haskalah<\/p>\n
Hasidic Judaism<\/a> was founded by Yisroel ben Eliezer<\/a> (1700\u20131760), also known as the Ba’al Shem Tov<\/i> (or Besht<\/i>). It originated in a time of persecution of the Jewish people when European Jews had turned inward to Talmud study; many felt that most expressions of Jewish life had become too “academic”, and that they no longer had any emphasis on spirituality or joy. Its adherents favored small and informal gatherings called Shtiebel<\/a>, which, in contrast to a traditional synagogue, could be used both as a place of worship and for celebrations involving dancing, eating, and socializing. [menys teologia\u00a0 m\u00e9s vida de comunitat]<\/p>\n La il\u00b7Iustraci\u00f3 va suavitzar les lleis que impedien l’acc\u00e9s dels jueus al m\u00f3n secular. A parallel Jewish movement, Haskalah<\/a> or the “Jewish Enlightenment”, began, especially in Central Europe and Western Europe, in response to both the Enlightenment and these new freedoms. It placed an emphasis on integration with secular society and a pursuit of non-religious knowledge through reason. With the promise of political emancipation, many Jews saw no reason to continue to observe Jewish law and increasing numbers of Jews assimilated into Christian Europe. Modern religious movements of Judaism all formed in reaction to this trend. In Central Europe, followed by Great Britain and the United States, Reform (or Liberal) Judaism<\/a> developed, relaxing legal obligations (especially those that limited Jewish relations with non-Jews), emulating Protestant<\/a> decorum in prayer, and emphasizing the ethical values of Judaism’s Prophetic tradition.<\/p>\n Un moviment conservador s’opos\u00e0 a aquesta tend\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n S XIX El moviment Haredi es va nod<\/p>\n Haredi<\/a><\/p>\n A major historic event was the meltdown after the Universal Israelite Congress of 1868\u20131869<\/a> in Pest<\/a>. In an attempt to unify all streams of Judaism under one constitution, the Orthodox offered the Shulchan Aruch<\/a><\/i> as the ruling Code of law and observance. This was dismissed by the reformists, leading many Orthodox rabbis<\/a> to resign from the Congress and form their own social and political groups.<\/p>\n S XX<\/p>\n Despr\u00e9s de l’holocaust la major part de les comunitats Hassidiques van desapar\u00e8ixer. El moviment Haredi es va nodrir sobretot de jeuus procedents de Litu\u00e0nia (1945) i Hongria (1956) i m\u00e9s tard de sefard\u00eds (1980)<\/p>\n S XXI<\/p>\n Actualment hi ha les dues tend\u00e8ncies.<\/p>\n La poblaci\u00f3 de jueus \u00e9s a Israel, Estats Units, Canad\u00e0, UK, ARgentina i Sud\u00e0frica. N’hi ha uns 14M, uns 6 a Israel, uns 6 als USA i la resta a Europa, Austr\u00e0lia, Argentina i Sud\u00e0frica.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" sdf SXVIII Hasidic, Haskalah Hasidic Judaism was founded by Yisroel ben Eliezer (1700\u20131760), also known as the Ba’al Shem Tov (or Besht). It originated in a time of persecution of the Jewish people when European Jews had turned inward to Talmud study; many felt that most expressions of Jewish life had become too “academic”, and … <\/p>\n
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