{"id":1364,"date":"2019-07-01T18:30:00","date_gmt":"2019-07-01T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/?p=1364"},"modified":"2024-02-16T13:15:15","modified_gmt":"2024-02-16T13:15:15","slug":"ciencies-de-latmosfera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/ciencies-de-latmosfera\/","title":{"rendered":"Ci\u00e8ncies de l&#8217;atmosfera"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/4-inventari-tot\/44-la-terra\/44t-la-terra\/\">La Terra, geografia<\/a>\u00a0 | <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/atmosfera-estructura\/\">Estructura de l&#8217;atmosfera<\/a>\u00a0 | \u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/meteorologia\/\">Meteorologia<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 |\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/4-inventari-tot\/42-cultura\/426-ciencies\/426-ciencies-de-la-terra\/\"> Ci\u00e8ncies de la terra<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>[font DKS]<\/p>\n<p>[Abans<\/p>\n<p>Alhacen estima l&#8217;al\u00e7ada de l&#8217;atmosfera en 15 km, basant-se en que el crepuscle comen\u00e7a quan el sol \u00e9s 19\u00ba sota l&#8217;horitz\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Galileu va estimar la densitat de l&#8217;aire, en 0.22% la de l&#8217;aigua, una aproximaci\u00f3 prou bona al valor de 0.12%]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u2192 <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/els-vents\/\">Circulaci\u00f3 dels vents<\/a><\/p>\n<p>16xx Hadley: L&#8217;aire puja a l&#8217;Equador i es despla\u00e7a a nord i sud per dalt, essent despla\u00e7at de W a E per la rotaci\u00f3 de la terra. Retorna per superf\u00edcie despla\u00e7ant-se de E a W.<\/p>\n<p>1856 William Ferrell, refina el model proposant unes cel\u00b7les intermitges<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>[aire]<\/p>\n<p>1784 Cavendish\u00a0 estableix que la composici\u00f3 de l&#8217;aire \u00e9s b\u00e0sicament ox\u00edgen i nitrogen. ( l&#8217;estudi de l&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/la-terra-evolucio-biologia-i-canvis-geologics\/\">evoluci\u00f3<\/a> revela que les cianobact\u00e8ries van transformar la composici\u00f3 de l&#8217;atmosfera de reductora a oxidant, fa 2400 milions d&#8217;anys: &#8220;la <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/catastrofe-de-loxigen\/\">cat\u00e0strofe de l&#8217;ox\u00edgen<\/a>&#8220;)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nitrogen (78%)<\/li>\n<li>Ox\u00edgen (21%)<\/li>\n<li>Argon (1%)<\/li>\n<li>Di\u00f2xid de carboni (0.03%)<\/li>\n<li>Vapor d&#8217;aigua<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>1804 Gay-Lussac i Biot pugen en globus 4 km per mesurar la concentraci\u00f3 d&#8217;ox\u00edgen, pressi\u00f3 i temperatura. Disminueixen gradualment. S&#8217;envien sondes no tripulades m\u00e9s amunt i s&#8217;arriba a la conclusi\u00f3 que hi ha una primera capa, la Troposfera, de 0-12 km, on tenen lloc els fenomens meteorol\u00f2gics 0-12km. Segueix la Estratosfera, m\u00e9s uniforme i calma (12-50km).<\/p>\n<p>1904 es veu que les ones de r\u00e0dio s\u00f3n reflectides, la qual cosa implica que hi ha d&#8217;haver una capa de plasma. S&#8217;anomena ionosfera [de moment no se sap l&#8217;al\u00e7ada] &gt; 50km<\/p>\n<p>1930 Els globus sonda que mesuren temperatura, humitat i pressi\u00f3 s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os d&#8217;enviar els resultats per r\u00e0dio.<\/p>\n<p>1940 Explorant amb coets es troba una capa on la temperatura cau de sobte, la mesosfera. de 50 a 85 km, i despr\u00e9s una capa de 85km\u00a0 en amunt on la temperatura augmenta, la termosfera, on hi ha els ions que fan reflectir les ones de r\u00e0dio.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u00d2ptica<\/p>\n<p>Perqu\u00e8 el cel \u00e9s blau?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La Terra, geografia\u00a0 | Estructura de l&#8217;atmosfera\u00a0 | \u00a0 Meteorologia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 |\u00a0\u00a0 Ci\u00e8ncies de la terra [font DKS] [Abans Alhacen estima l&#8217;al\u00e7ada de l&#8217;atmosfera en 15 km, basant-se en que el crepuscle comen\u00e7a quan el sol \u00e9s 19\u00ba sota l&#8217;horitz\u00f3. Galileu va estimar la densitat de l&#8217;aire, en 0.22% la de l&#8217;aigua, una aproximaci\u00f3 prou bona &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/ciencies-de-latmosfera\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Ci\u00e8ncies de l&#8217;atmosfera&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[601],"tags":[330],"anotacio":[],"civilitzacio":[],"spec":[],"aspecies":[],"Tema poesia":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1364"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1364\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"anotacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/anotacio?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"civilitzacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/civilitzacio?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"spec","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spec?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"aspecies","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/aspecies?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"Tema poesia","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/Tema poesia?post=1364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}