{"id":1424,"date":"2019-07-15T10:24:08","date_gmt":"2019-07-15T10:24:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/?p=1424"},"modified":"2026-02-28T12:52:15","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T12:52:15","slug":"recursos-literaris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/recursos-literaris\/","title":{"rendered":"Recursos literaris"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>TIPUS DE FIGURES<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#posicio\">Posici\u00f3<\/a>: disposici\u00f3 dels elements l\u00e8xics o sint\u00e0ctics<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#repeticio\">Repetici\u00f3<\/a>: d&#8217;elements fon\u00e8tics o l\u00e8xics<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#quantitat\">Quantitat<\/a>: el\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 m\u00e9s detallada del tema, amplificaci\u00f3; Omissi\u00f3 d&#8217;elements l\u00e8xics o sint\u00e0ctics<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#apelacio\">Figures d&#8217;apel\u00b7laci\u00f3<\/a>: alteraci\u00f3 de la relaci\u00f3 entre l&#8217;autor i el p\u00fablic<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/recursos-literaris\/#trops\">Trops:<\/a> Substituci\u00f3 d&#8217;elements l\u00e8xics (met\u00e0fora, alegoria) o sint\u00e0ctics<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a id=\"posicio\"><\/a>Figures de posici\u00f3: canvien l&#8217;ordre de les paraules<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"An\u00e0strofe\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/An%C3%A0strofe\">An\u00e0strofe<\/a>, Inversi\u00f3 de l&#8217;ordre normal de les paraules<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Hip\u00e8rbaton\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hip%C3%A8rbaton\">Hip\u00e8rbaton<\/a>, Alteraci\u00f3 de l&#8217;ordre normal de les paraules dins una frase. \u00ab\u00c9s l&#8217;amo un homen\u00e0s de bona planta\u00bb (Josep Maria de Sagarra, El comte Arnau), en comptes de dir \u00abL&#8217;amo \u00e9s un homen\u00e0s de bona planta\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a id=\"repeticio\"><\/a>Figures de repetici\u00f3<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Geminatio: duplicar paraula<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Anadiplosi\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anadiplosi\">Anadiplosi<\/a>, Repetici\u00f3 d&#8217;una paraula al final d&#8217;una frase i al principi d&#8217;una altra<\/li>\n<li>Gradaci\u00f3, cl\u00edmax<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/An%C3%A0fora_(ret%C3%B2rica)\">An\u00e0fora<\/a>, Repetici\u00f3 d&#8217;una paraula o grup de paraules al comen\u00e7ament\u00a0 d&#8217;oracions consecutives (Discurs de Marc Antoni al Juli C\u00e8sar de Shakespeare\u00a0 &#8220;But brutus is a honourable man&#8221;, Martin Luther King &#8220;I have a dream&#8221;).<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Ep\u00edfora (ret\u00f2rica)\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ep%C3%ADfora_(ret%C3%B2rica)\">Ep\u00edfora<\/a>, Repetici\u00f3 d&#8217;una paraula o grup de paraules al final d&#8217;oracions successives. \u00c9s l&#8217;oposat de l&#8217;an\u00e0fora.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paronom%C3%A0sia\">Paronom\u00e0sia<\/a>, repetici\u00f3 de dos mots que semblants fon\u00e8ticament de diferent significat (par\u00f2nims), &#8220;privats de sou i son&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Al\u00b7literaci\u00f3\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al%C2%B7literaci%C3%B3\">Al\u00b7literaci\u00f3<\/a>, S\u00e8rie de paraules amb sons similars<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Asson\u00e0ncia\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asson%C3%A0ncia\">Asson\u00e0ncia<\/a>, Repetici\u00f3 de sons voc\u00e0lics per crear un ritme intern<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Pleonasme\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pleonasme\">Pleonasme<\/a>, \u00das de paraules redundants o sup\u00e8rflues &#8220;ho vaig veure amb els meus ulls&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a id=\"quantitat\"><\/a>Figures de quantitat<\/p>\n<p>i) amplificaci\u00f3 argumentativa<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Distributio<\/li>\n<li>Enumeratio<\/li>\n<li>Definitio<\/li>\n<li>Distinctio<\/li>\n<li>Dilemma<\/li>\n<li>Correctio<\/li>\n<li>Ant\u00edtesis<\/li>\n<li>Antimetabole<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Ox\u00edmoron\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ox%C3%ADmoron\">Ox\u00edmoron<\/a>, \u00das de dos termes junts que sovint es contradiuen l&#8217;un a l&#8217;altre<\/li>\n<li>ii) Amplificaci\u00f3 acumulativa<br \/>\nAcumulaci\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>Commoratio<\/li>\n<li>Descripci\u00f3, ilustratio<\/li>\n<li>Descriptio personae, descriptio loci, descriptio temporis<\/li>\n<li>Per\u00edfrasi, circumloqui<\/li>\n<li>Digressio<\/li>\n<li>Comparatio, similitudo<\/li>\n<li>Fabula, exemplum<\/li>\n<li>adjectiu, epiteton<\/li>\n<li>Ep\u00edfrasi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>iii) figures omissi\u00f3<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Elipsi<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeugma\">Zeugma<\/a>, \u00fas d&#8217;un verb per a dues accions<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/As%C3%ADndeton\">As\u00edndeton<\/a>, omissi\u00f3 de les conjuncions entre dues oracions<\/li>\n<li>Percusio (concisa brevitas et extenuatio): enumeraci\u00f3 concisa sense detallar, per exemple, <span class=\"js-about-item-abstr\">The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders Who was born in Newgate, and during a life of continu&#8217;d Variety for Threescore Years, besides her Childhood, was Twelve Years a Whore, five times a Wife Twelve Years a Thief, Eight Years a Transported Felon in Virginia, at last grew Rich, liv&#8217;d Honest and died a Penitent is a novel by Daniel Defoe.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a id=\"apelacio\"><\/a>Figures d&#8217;apel\u00b7laci\u00f3<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Interrogatio, pregunta ret\u00f2rica<\/li>\n<li>Aporia, dubitatio [l&#8217;orador fa veure que dubta]<\/li>\n<li>Communicatio<\/li>\n<li>Sermocinatio: Canvi de perspectiva, parla per boca d&#8217;altri, pot ser un personatge hist\u00f2ric, un personatge imaginari ex.\u00a0 Subjectio ( fa veure que demana informaci\u00f3 a l&#8217;oient, aporta la pregunta i la resposta, \u00e9s aix\u00f2? s\u00ed, em dir\u00e0s.)<\/li>\n<li>Simulatio, Dissimulatio: es fa veure que es defensa la posici\u00f3 contr\u00e0ria<\/li>\n<li>Exclamatio<\/li>\n<li>Ap\u00f2strofe: l&#8217;orador es dirigeix, no al p\u00fablic, sin\u00f3 al seu adversari o alg\u00fa altre, com una figura hist\u00f2rica<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a id=\"trops\"><\/a>Trops (figures sem\u00e0ntiques)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Per\u00edfrasi: substitucio del mot per una descripci\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>Sin\u00e8cdoque: meton\u00edmia en qu\u00e8 un mot de significat m\u00e9s restringit substitueix un de m\u00e9s ample, ex. els metalls, pels instruments de vent trompetes, trombons, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Antonom\u00e0sia: \u00fas d&#8217;un ep\u00edtet, o nom propi &#8220;el galileu&#8221; per Jes\u00fas, &#8220;el dels peus lleugers&#8221; per Aqil\u00b7les<\/li>\n<li>\u00c8mfasi<\/li>\n<li>Litotes: substituci\u00f3 per la negaci\u00f3 del contrari<\/li>\n<li>Hip\u00e8rbole: substituci\u00f3 per un altre que exagera m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del veross\u00edmil, (Veus eixa mar que abra\u00e7a de pol a pol la terra? En altre temps d&#8217;alegres Hesp\u00e8rides fou hort; (Jacint Verdaguer)<\/li>\n<li>Meton\u00edmia: substituci\u00f3 per un mot amb el qual hi ha una relaci\u00f3, pot ser causa-efecte, tot-part, concret-abstracte: &#8220;fem una copa, anem a cardar la tassa, Madrid ens fot&#8221;. (en psicoan\u00e0lisi, el despla\u00e7ament a un mot contigu seria, amb la met\u00e0fora, un dels mitjans d&#8217;expressi\u00f3 de l&#8217;inconscient.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Met%C3%A0fora\">Met\u00e0fora<\/a>: substituci\u00f3 per una analogia. \u00c9s un recurs molt poder\u00f3s. Se&#8217;n poden estudiar els camps sem\u00e0ntics, el paradigma, etc. El tenor: \u00e9s all\u00f2 a qu\u00e8 es referix la met\u00e0fora, el terme literal. &#8220;Els llacs del teu rostre&#8221;. Es parla de &#8220;tenor&#8221; (els ulls), el terme literal, &#8220;vehicle&#8221;, el terme figurat (els llacs), i el &#8220;fonament&#8221;, la relaci\u00f3 entre tenor i vehicle, [l&#8217;aspecte l\u00edquid, color blau, tranquil]. [la met\u00e0fora -&gt; lakoff i Johnson -&gt; arquetipus imaginari] [ <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/metaphors-we-live-by-lakoff-johnson\/\">Metaphors we live by<\/a> ] [\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/metafores\/\">Met\u00e0fores<\/a> ]<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al%C2%B7legoria\">Al\u00b7legoria<\/a>: Met\u00e0fora estesa en la qual s&#8217;explica una hist\u00f2ria per il\u00b7lustrar un atribut important del subjecte<\/li>\n<li>Ironia: es diu el contrari del que es vol dir &#8220;m&#8217;ha agradat molt; despr\u00e9s d&#8217;una peli dolenta&#8221;, a la Maria al CorteIngl\u00e9s &#8220;Apa, digues-ho m\u00e9s fort&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Eufemisme: substituci\u00f3 per una expressi\u00f3 m\u00e9s suau o agradable<\/li>\n<li>Arcaisme, neologisme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Fundamentos de ret\u00f2rica Kurt Spang. Heinrich Plett Einf\u00fchrung in die rethorische textanalyse. <a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Recurs_literari\">Recursos literaris viquip\u00e8dia<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TIPUS DE FIGURES Posici\u00f3: disposici\u00f3 dels elements l\u00e8xics o sint\u00e0ctics Repetici\u00f3: d&#8217;elements fon\u00e8tics o l\u00e8xics Quantitat: el\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 m\u00e9s detallada del tema, amplificaci\u00f3; Omissi\u00f3 d&#8217;elements l\u00e8xics o sint\u00e0ctics Figures d&#8217;apel\u00b7laci\u00f3: alteraci\u00f3 de la relaci\u00f3 entre l&#8217;autor i el p\u00fablic Trops: Substituci\u00f3 d&#8217;elements l\u00e8xics (met\u00e0fora, alegoria) o sint\u00e0ctics Figures de posici\u00f3: canvien l&#8217;ordre de les paraules An\u00e0strofe, &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/recursos-literaris\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Recursos literaris&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[603],"tags":[166],"anotacio":[],"civilitzacio":[],"spec":[],"aspecies":[],"Tema poesia":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1424"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1424"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1424\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"anotacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/anotacio?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"civilitzacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/civilitzacio?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"spec","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spec?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"aspecies","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/aspecies?post=1424"},{"taxonomy":"Tema poesia","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/Tema poesia?post=1424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}