{"id":1580,"date":"2019-10-15T09:17:08","date_gmt":"2019-10-15T09:17:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/?p=1580"},"modified":"2025-12-02T18:13:35","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T18:13:35","slug":"salut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/","title":{"rendered":"Salut"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/el-cos-huma\/\">El cos hum\u00e0<\/a>\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/historia-de-la-medecina\/\">Ha de la medecina<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/#simptomes\">S\u00edmptomes<\/a> i proves. <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/#tractaments\">Tractaments<\/a>. <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/#malalties\">Malalties<\/a>\u00a0 Classificaci\u00f3 WHO IVD10. <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/#mortalitat\">Mortalitat<\/a>, Idescat Salut. <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/#impactemalalties\">L&#8217;impacte de les malalties,<\/a> Global Burden Disease. Epid\u00e8mies. <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/#questions\">Q\u00fcestions<\/a>, assist\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"simptomes\">S\u00edmptomes i proves<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_medical_symptoms\">Llista<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Em fa mal:<\/strong><br \/>\nl&#8217;abdomen, l&#8217;esquena, el pit, l&#8217;orella, el cap, la pelvis, les dents, el rectum, la pell, la cama, el bra\u00e7<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sento:<\/strong><br \/>\ncalfreds, febre, parest\u00e8sia (formigueig), atordiment, mareig (desmai, la cambra dona voltes), sequedat de boca,\u00a0 n\u00e0usees, grip\u00f3s, com si an\u00e9s a vomitar, dispnea (no puc acabr de respirar b\u00e9), son, suor, set, cansat, febre.<\/p>\n<p><strong>No puc:<\/strong><br \/>\nRespirar b\u00e9, sentir b\u00e9 (sorolls massa fort, xiulet orelles), moure un bra\u00e7 o una cama, defecar normalment, orinar normalment, veure (ceguesa, visi\u00f3 borrosa, doble), dormir normalment, olorar normalment, parlar normalment, defecar femtes s\u00f2lides, parar de rascar-me, parar de suar, empassar normalment, sentir el gust de les coses, caminar normalment.<\/p>\n<p>[Apps de diagn\u00f2stic com ADA]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Proves<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[Inspecci\u00f3 visual de marques, palpar ganglis, martellet als genolls pels reflexos]<\/li>\n<li>Auscultar el cor i pulmons (1816)<\/li>\n<li>Temperatura (1860), 36.6\u00ba<\/li>\n<li>Pressi\u00f3 (1905), Hipotensi\u00f3: &lt;90 &#8211; &lt;60, normal 120-80, alta 140 &#8211; 100<\/li>\n<li>An\u00e0lisi de <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/anatomia\/#sang\">sang<\/a>.\u00a0 Comptador gl\u00f2buls vermells, leuc\u00f2cits i plaquetes (a primers d20.\u00a0 Glucosa, colesterol, enzims, a mitjans s20. Normalitzat i automatitzat a finals del s20.<\/li>\n<li>An\u00e0lisi d&#8217;orina.(es remunta als Egipcis. s20)<\/li>\n<li>An\u00e0lisi DNA (s21)<\/li>\n<li>electrocardiograma (1905)<\/li>\n<li>Imatge: raigs x (1895), ecografia (1941), tomografia axial TAC (1960), Resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica (1970)<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u00f2psia (1850), extracci\u00f3 de mostres de teixit per examinar al microscopi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/indicadors-salut\/\">Indicadors salut<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"tractaments\">Tractaments<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Preventius: vacunes DPT (Dift\u00e8ria, t\u00e8tanus, Pertussis), Polio, Hib i PCV (meningitis i pneum\u00f2nia), HepatitisB, PCV, Rotavirus (diareea i v\u00f2mits), Xarampi\u00f3, parotiditis, MenC (meningitis), varicela.<\/li>\n<li>Canvis d&#8217;h\u00e0bits de nutrici\u00f3 i exercici, rehabilitaci\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>Pastilles\n<ul>\n<li>Cardiovasculars, pressi\u00f3 alta i colesterol (Atorvastatin (Lipitor), Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), Amlodipine (Norvasc), Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL):** A **beta-blocker** used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and angina.<\/li>\n<li>Antibi\u00f2tics: Amoxicillin (Amoxil), Azithromycin (Zithromax).<\/li>\n<li>Diabetis: Metformin (Glucophage), Insulin.<\/li>\n<li>Analg\u00e8sics i antiinflamatoris: Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), Acetaminophen (Paracetamol, Tylenol), Hydrocodone\/Acetaminophen (Vicodin, Norco)<\/li>\n<li>Medicaci\u00f3 gastrointestinal: Omeprazole (Prilosec), Pantoprazole (Protonix)<\/li>\n<li>Salut mental: Sertraline (Zoloft), Escitalopram (Lexapro), Alprazolam (Xanax)<\/li>\n<li>Respiraci\u00f3: Albuterol (Ventolin, ProAir),\u00a0 Fluticasone\/Salmeterol (Advair)<\/li>\n<li>Tiroides: Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl)<\/li>\n<li>Anticoagulants: Warfarin (Coumadin), Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) i Apixaban (Eliquis), [Sintron]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Reposicionar i immobilitzar traumatologia. Cauteritzar ferides.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Cirurgia. Cataractes (20M), ces\u00e0rees (19M), 8M extirpacions de tumors, ves\u00edcula biliar (300m als USA), apendicitis (300m als USA), h\u00e8rnies (1M als USA), bypass coronari (400m als USA), histerectomia (treure l&#8217;\u00fater, 600m als USA), am\u00edgdales (300m als USA), bi\u00f2psies de pits (1.6M als USA), fusi\u00f3 de dues v\u00e8rtebres (450m als USA). <\/span>Pr\u00f2tesis (1.5M pr\u00f2tesis de cadera i genoll. 30M arreu del m\u00f3n necessitarien implantaci\u00f3 de membres artificials, i un 5-10% les rebrien.). Transplantaments: 150m, 43m als USA (24m rony\u00f3, 9.5m fetge, 4m cor, 2.5 pulm\u00f3, 200 p\u00e0ncrees.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"malalties\">Malalties<\/h2>\n<p>Classificaci\u00f3 de les malalties per la WHO: <a href=\"https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2019\/en\">ICD10<\/a><\/p>\n<p>I Certain infectious and parasitic diseases<br \/>\nII Neoplasms<br \/>\nIII Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism<br \/>\nIV Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases<br \/>\nV Mental and behavioural disorders<br \/>\nVI Diseases of the nervous system<br \/>\nVII Diseases of the eye and adnexa<br \/>\nVIII Diseases of the ear and mastoid process<br \/>\nIX Diseases of the circulatory system<br \/>\nX Diseases of the respiratory system<br \/>\nXI Diseases of the digestive system<br \/>\nXII Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue<br \/>\nXIII Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue<br \/>\nXIV Diseases of the genitourinary system<br \/>\nXV Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium<br \/>\nXVI Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period<br \/>\nXVII Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities<br \/>\nXVIII Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified<br \/>\nXIX Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes<br \/>\nXX External causes of morbidity and mortality<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"mortalitat\">Mortalitat<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/the-top-10-causes-of-death\">WHO<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.who.int\/media\/images\/default-source\/ddi-department\/world-health-data-platform\/10-causes-of-death\/global_deaths1.png\" width=\"495\" height=\"598\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Quan es desgranen entre per grups d&#8217;ingressos es veu que als pa\u00efsos pobres la primera causa \u00e9s la mortalitat infantil. Al pa\u00efsos rics l&#8217;Alzheimer puja a la segona posici\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\">L&#8217;observatori de salut<\/a> destaca els seg\u00fcents temes:<br \/>\nPol\u00b7luci\u00f3 de l&#8217;aire, Resist\u00e8ncia antimicrobis, tecnologia d&#8217;asist\u00e8ncia, mortaldat infantil, medi ambient i salut, dem\u00e8ncia, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\/data\/themes\/mortality-and-global-health-estimates\">Salut global, esperan\u00e7a de vida i principals causes de mort i discapacitat<\/a> , Alcohol i salut, Finan\u00e7ar la salut i monitor de desigualtat en salut, impostos per la salut, recursos humans, Hepatitis, HIV, immunitzacio i vacunes, Normatives, Mal\u00e0ria, maternitat i reproducci\u00f3, salut mental, malalties tropicals oblidades, malalties no comunicables, nutrici\u00f3, salut bucal, ab\u00fas de subst\u00e0ncies, seguretat vial, objectiu de cobertura universal de salut, malalties de transmissi\u00f3 sexual, objectius de desenvolupament sostenibles, tabac, tuberculosi, malalties evitables amb vacunes, prevenci\u00f3 de la viol\u00e8ncia, sanitat de l&#8217;aigua, dones, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\/data\/themes\/world-health-statistics\">estad\u00edstiques<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Idescat Salut, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idescat.cat\/indicadors\/?id=aec&amp;n=15803\">mortalitat<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"impactemalalties\">Impacte de les malalties<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ghdx.healthdata.org\/\">Global burden of disease<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Una manera de mesurar l&#8217;impacte de les malalties \u00e9s el <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Disability-adjusted_life_year\">DALY<\/a>, que compta els anys perduts per morir abans de l&#8217;esperan\u00e7a de vida i els anys que no hem pogut viure plenament:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/19\/DALY_disability_affected_life_year_infographic.svg\/750px-DALY_disability_affected_life_year_infographic.svg.png\" width=\"750\" height=\"246\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Aquest indicador mesura els &#8220;anys perduts&#8221; degut a malalties. Estudi publicat al <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(15)60692-4\/fulltext\">Lancet<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2\u00b74 billion and 1\u00b76 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537\u00b76 million in 1990 to 764\u00b78 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114\u00b787 per 1000 people to 110\u00b731 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV\/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21\u00b71% in 1990 to 31\u00b72% in 2013.<\/p>\n<p>[ \u00c9s dif\u00edcil simplificar, per\u00f2 amb tantes dades no hi ha manera de fer-se una idea de qu\u00e0nta gent hi ha malalta en un moment donat, i de qu\u00e8 pateix. Les causes m\u00e9s importants, prsents a tots els pa\u00efsos, s\u00f3n el dolor d&#8217;esquena i la depressi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>A Austr\u00e0lia, les principals causes de YLD s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Low back pain<\/li>\n<li>Major depressive disorder<\/li>\n<li>Other musculoskeletal disorders<\/li>\n<li>Neck pain<\/li>\n<li>Migraine<\/li>\n<li>Anxiety disorders<\/li>\n<li>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)<\/li>\n<li>Asthma<\/li>\n<li>Age-related and other hearing loss<\/li>\n<li>Diabetes mellitus<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"epidemies\">Epid\u00e8mies<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/hac\/crises\/en\/\">Epid\u00e8mies de salut actuals<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_epidemics\">Epid\u00e8mies al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Antiguitat<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>165\u2013180 Plaga Antonina, verola (smallpox) o xarampi\u00f3 (measles), afecta 25-33% de la poblaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;imperi rom\u00e0 amb 5-10M morts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Edat mitjana<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>541\u2013549 Plaga de justini\u00e0, (pesta bub\u00f2nica causada pel bacteri <i><a title=\"Yersinia pestis\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yersinia_pestis\">Yersinia pestis<\/a><\/i>), Bizanci, Europa , Nord d&#8217;\u00e0frica i Orient. Afecta 7-56% de la poblaci\u00f3 amb 15-100M morts.<\/p>\n<p>735\u2013737 Verola, 33%poblaci\u00f3 del Jap\u00f3, 2M.<\/p>\n<p>1346\u20131353 La pesta negra (pesta bub\u00f2nica causada pel bacteri <i><a title=\"Yersinia pestis\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yersinia_pestis\">Yersinia pestis<\/a><\/i>), mor un 30-60% de la poblaci\u00f3 Europea, uns 75-200M. (un estudi recent revela que la pres\u00e8ncia d&#8217;un gen oferia resist\u00e8ncia a la plaga per\u00f2 avui d\u00f3na lloc a malalies autoimmunes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/health-63316538\">BBC<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Edat moderna<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No hi ha dades concretes per\u00f2 s&#8217;estima que l&#8217;arribada dels europeus va causar una despoblaci\u00f3 general, sobretot per verola per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 per xaramp\u00f3, grip, febre groga, pesta bub\u00f2nica, possiblement amb 10-100M de v\u00edctimes.<\/p>\n<p>1519\u20131520 Xarampi\u00f3, 23\u201337% poblaci\u00f3 de M\u00e8xic, 5-8M morts<br \/>\n1545\u20131548 Epid\u00e8mia Cocoliztli, sense identificar, afecta 27-80% de la poblaci\u00f3 de M\u00e8xic amb 5-15M morts.<br \/>\n1576-1580 Epid\u00e8mia Cocoliztli, 50% oblaci\u00f3 M\u00e8xic, 2-2.5M<\/p>\n<p>1629\u20131631 Plaga de Mil\u00e0 o italiana, pesta bub\u00f2nica, 1M.<\/p>\n<p>1656\u20131658 Plaga de N\u00e0pols, pesta bub\u00f2nica. 1.25M<\/p>\n<p>1772\u20131773 Pesta bub\u00f2nica, 0.3% poblaci\u00f3 de P\u00e8rsia. 2M<\/p>\n<p><strong>Contempor\u00e0nia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1846\u20131860 C\u00f2lera, 0.08% poblaci\u00f3 mundial. &gt;1M.<\/p>\n<p>1855\u20131960 Tercera plaga de pesta bub\u00f2nica, 12-15M<\/p>\n<p>1918\u20131922 Tifus (bacteris en malescondicions higi\u00e8niques i massificaci\u00f3), R\u00fassia, afecta 1-1.6% poblaci\u00f3 amb 2-3M morts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Actual<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1918\u20131920 grip de 1918 (spanish flu), <a title=\"Influenza A virus subtype H1N1\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H1N1\">H1N1 influenza A virus<\/a>, entre 1-5% de la poblaci\u00f3 mundial,\u00a0 17-100M<\/p>\n<p>1957\u20131958 Grip virus\u00a0 A\/H2N2, 1-4M.<\/p>\n<p>1968\u20131969 Grip de Hong Kong virus A\/H3N2, 1-4M<\/p>\n<p>1981\u2013fins ara, HIV\/AIDS immudefici\u00e8ncia adquirida, 40M.<\/p>\n<p>2019, COVID-19, (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2\">SARS-CoV-2<\/a>), 7-25M (a agost de 2022)<\/p>\n<p>Hi ha registres de m\u00e9s plagues amb nombre de v\u00edctimes menor o desconegut. Sense arribar a constituir una plaga per que no t\u00e9 un temps limitat, des del s18 Europa sobretot est\u00e0 afectada per tuberculosi (bacteri <i><a title=\"Mycobacterium tuberculosis\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/a><\/i>) amb 10M d&#8217;infeccions anuals i 1.5 morts a dia d&#8217;avui.<\/p>\n<p>La WHO estima que hi ha prop de 300M de persones infectades del virus de l&#8217;Hepatitis B, 1.5 nous cada any, i 58M d&#8217;HepatitisC amb 1.5 noves cada any, causant 0.8M i 0.3M de morts.<\/p>\n<p>La hist\u00f2ria no l&#8217;escriuen nom\u00e9s els humans, tamb\u00e9 ho fan els microbis de les pand\u00e8mies\u00a0 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2020\/04\/06\/pandemics-and-the-shape-of-human-history\">New Yorker 2020\/04\/06<\/a>)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"altres\">Altres<\/h2>\n<p>Evid\u00e8ncies de malalties antigues (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mentalfloss.com\/posts\/oldest-diseases\">Mentalfloss<\/a>): c\u00e0ncer 1.7M, tuberculosi 70m, C\u00e0ries 15m, mal\u00e0ria 5.5m, lyme 5.3m, Leishmaniasi 4m<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"questions\">Q\u00fcestions<\/h2>\n<p><strong>El negoci de la salut, p\u00fablica i privada<\/strong><br \/>\nLes farmac\u00e8utiques fan recerca en medicaments m\u00e9s que no pas en vacunes perqu\u00e8 generen m\u00e9s beneficis. (<a href=\"https:\/\/getpocket.com\/explore\/item\/why-can-t-we-cure-the-common-cold\">Perqu\u00e8 no podem curar el refredat<\/a>). Alguns medicaments es mantenen a un preu artificialment alt.\u00a0 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-netherlands-pharmaceuticals-insight-idUSKCN1QP0M4\">Reuters<\/a>). La ind\u00fastria del c\u00e0ncer diagnostica i tracta de m\u00e9s (<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/cross-check\/the-cancer-industry-hype-vs-reality\/\">Scientific American<\/a>). Les equitity compren hospitals i espremen els pacients (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/business\/currency\/how-private-equity-firms-squeeze-hospital-patients-for-profits\">NewYorker<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/health-care\/374820\/emergency-rooms-private-equity-hospitals-profits-no-surprises\">Vox<\/a>). Les asseguradores contracten empreses per denegar tractaments (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/evicore-health-insurance-denials-cigna-unitedhealthcare-aetna-prior-authorizations\">Propublica<\/a>). El sistema sanitari americ\u00e0 est\u00e0 m\u00e9s orientat a facturar que a la salut dels pacients, sense transpar\u00e8ncia en els costos i tractaments. \u00c9s la segona causa de fallida econ\u00f2mica de les fam\u00edlies. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2009\/06\/01\/the-cost-conundrum\">New Yorker<\/a>). Tres farmac\u00e8utiques van promoure l&#8217;ab\u00fas d\u2019opioids Fentanyl i Oxycontin (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-59396041\">BBC<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Assist\u00e8ncia<\/strong><br \/>\nHi ha cobertura p\u00fablica de salut a Austr\u00e0lia, Canada, Europa i Jap\u00f3, finan\u00e7at per impostos o per una asseguran\u00e7a m\u00e8dica obligat\u00f2ria. En la majoria hi ha copagament de medicaci\u00f3 i en alguns casos per hospitalitzaci\u00f3 i procediments.<br \/>\nLa dificultat de la informatitzaci\u00f3 (<a href=\"https:\/\/khn.org\/news\/death-by-a-thousand-clicks\/\">KHN<\/a>). S&#8217;arriben a subcontractar metges a la \u00cdndia per passar en net les notes. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2018\/11\/12\/why-doctors-hate-their-computers\">New Yorker<\/a>).<br \/>\n[Com racionalitzar la despesa m\u00e8dica? no trobo l&#8217;article on es deia que la meitat de la despesa m\u00e8dica de la nostra vida la fem l&#8217;\u00faltim any. La por a la mort i l&#8217;inter\u00e8s per facturar s&#8217;alien per medicalitzar la vida dels malalts cr\u00f2nics i dels vells.]<\/p>\n<p><strong>El malalt i la malaltia<\/strong><br \/>\n[pendent de desenvolupar] Durant molt de temps els metges han combatut les malalties, sobreentenent que aix\u00ed es &#8220;salvava&#8221; el malalt. Per\u00f2 amb els aven\u00e7os moderns, s&#8217;ha vist clar que no era aix\u00ed. El combat contra la malaltia podia seguir, amb respiraci\u00f3 assistida i medicaci\u00f3, per\u00f2 el benestar de la persona era ja irrecuperable. Ha hagut de venir la medecina pal\u00b7liativa per canviar aquest estat de coses. En un \u00e0mbit m\u00e9s simple, a l&#8217;hora d&#8217;atendre els pacients a la consulta o el tracte a l&#8217;hospital, tamb\u00e9 s&#8217;ha hagut d&#8217;aprendre que\u00a0 l&#8217;atenci\u00f3 humana \u00e9s tant important per al benestar com al drestesa del cirurgi\u00e0 al bistur\u00ed o l&#8217;efic\u00e0cia del medicament. Tal com deia Abraham Verghese a Cutting for Stone, el medicament que s&#8217;administra per l&#8217;orella \u00e9s &#8220;words of comfort&#8221;.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/wordpress\/salut-i-benestar\/\">Recull d&#8217;articles sobre salut<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El cos hum\u00e0\u00a0 Ha de la medecina S\u00edmptomes i proves. Tractaments. Malalties\u00a0 Classificaci\u00f3 WHO IVD10. Mortalitat, Idescat Salut. L&#8217;impacte de les malalties, Global Burden Disease. Epid\u00e8mies. Q\u00fcestions, assist\u00e8ncia. S\u00edmptomes i proves Llista Em fa mal: l&#8217;abdomen, l&#8217;esquena, el pit, l&#8217;orella, el cap, la pelvis, les dents, el rectum, la pell, la cama, el bra\u00e7 Sento: &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/salut\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Salut&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[310],"anotacio":[],"civilitzacio":[],"spec":[],"aspecies":[],"Tema poesia":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1580"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1580"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1580\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1580"},{"taxonomy":"anotacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/anotacio?post=1580"},{"taxonomy":"civilitzacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/civilitzacio?post=1580"},{"taxonomy":"spec","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spec?post=1580"},{"taxonomy":"aspecies","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/aspecies?post=1580"},{"taxonomy":"Tema poesia","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/Tema poesia?post=1580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}