{"id":2254,"date":"2021-03-21T09:38:49","date_gmt":"2021-03-21T09:38:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/?p=2254"},"modified":"2024-12-02T17:08:35","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T17:08:35","slug":"sentiments-por","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/sentiments-por\/","title":{"rendered":"Sentiments. Por"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Psicologia\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/afectivitat-emocions-sentiments\/\">Afectivitat, emocions, sentiments<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/experiencia-afectiva\/\">l\u2019experi\u00e8ncia afectiva<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/un-museu-de-les-emocions\/\">Un museu de les emocions<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/sentiments-por\/\">Introducci\u00f3<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/sentiments-por\/\">Aspectes<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/sentiments-por\/\">La por a les arts<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"introduccio\">Introducci\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>(VK) &#8220;Es defineix cl\u00ednicament com una pertorbaci\u00f3 angoixant de l&#8217;\u00e0nim a causa d&#8217;un risc o dany real o imaginari. \u00c9s tamb\u00e9 una aprensi\u00f3 que t\u00e9 alg\u00fa que li passi alguna cosa contr\u00e0ria al que desitja. La por \u00e9s una emoci\u00f3 caracteritzada per un intens sentiment habitualment desagradable, provocat per la percepci\u00f3 d&#8217;un perill, real o suposat, present, futur o fins i tot passat. Des del punt de vista biol\u00f2gic, la por \u00e9s un esquema adaptatiu, i constitueix un mecanisme de superviv\u00e8ncia i de defensa, sorgit per permetre a l&#8217;individu respondre davant situacions adverses amb rapidesa i efic\u00e0cia.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/fonsimatges\/fotos\/ekmanpor.jpg\" width=\"300\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/fonsimatges\/art\/lebruncrainte.jpg\" width=\"298\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Por: desvalgut, esbala\u00eft, esfere\u00eft, espaordit \/\/ esbala\u00efment, preocupaci\u00f3<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Por (<a title=\"Fear\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fear\">Fear<\/a>)\n<ul>\n<li>Horror ( <i><a title=\"Horror and terror\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horror_and_terror\">Horror<\/a><\/i>): <i><a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:alarm\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/alarm\">Alarm<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a title=\"Acute stress reaction\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acute_stress_reaction\">Shock<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> Fear\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:fright\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/fright\">Fright<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> Horror\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:terror\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/terror\">Terror<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a title=\"Panic\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panic\">Panic<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a title=\"Hysteria\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hysteria\">Hysteria<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:mortification\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/mortification\">Mortification<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<li>Nerviosisme ( <i><a title=\"Anxiety\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anxiety\">Nervousness<\/a><\/i> ): [<strong> ansietat, estr\u00e8s<\/strong>, preocupaci\u00f3 pel futur, per si perdr\u00e9 la feina, malatia, mort,<strong> pali4-ansietat<\/strong> <i><a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:anxiety\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/anxiety\">Anxiety<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a title=\"Suspense\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suspense\">Suspense<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:uneasiness\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/uneasiness\">Uneasiness<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:apprehension\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/apprehension\">Apprehension (fear)<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a title=\"Worry\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Worry\">Worry<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:distress\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/distress\">Distress<\/a>\u00a0<b>\u00b7<\/b> <a class=\"extiw\" title=\"wiktionary:dread\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/dread\">Dread<\/a><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"aspectes\">Aspectes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Universal\/cultural<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La por \u00e9s una emoci\u00f3 universal i l&#8217;expressi\u00f3 facial \u00e9s la mateix a totes les cultures. Hi interv\u00e9 tamb\u00e9 la cognici\u00f3 per avaluar l&#8217;amena\u00e7a. La por irracional seria una f\u00f2bia. L&#8217;avaluaci\u00f3 \u00e9s influ\u00efda pel context cultural.<br \/>\n(WK) La por a les al\u00e7ades podria ser comuna a tots els mam\u00edfers i hauria aparegut al \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/252-mesozoic-66\/\">Mesozoic<\/a>. La por a les serps s&#8217;hauria desenvolupat als simis durant el <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/66-cenozoic\/\">Cenozoic<\/a>.\u00a0 La reacci\u00f3 als insectes i rates hauria aparegut al <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/prehistoria-migracions\/\">paleol\u00edtic<\/a> i <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/neolitic-8000\/\">neol\u00edtic<\/a> pel risc d&#8217;infeccions.\u00a0 [Hi ha un solapament amb el <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/el-que-no-magrada\/\">disgust<\/a>].<br \/>\nA les enquestes es reporta tamb\u00e9 por [entorns] a l&#8217;aigua, espais tancats, t\u00fanels, ponts, agulles, volar, conduir [situacions] , rebuig social, frac\u00e0s, ex\u00e0mens, parlar en p\u00fablic, intimitat [ imaginari] esperits, fantasmes o poders malignes, pallassos\u00a0 [escenaris de futur personals, incertesa econ\u00f2mica, envellir i la malaltia, la mort][escenaris de futur generals] guerra nuclear, canvi clim\u00e0tic, atacs terroristes, viol\u00e8ncia criminal.<br \/>\nLes pors es poden condicionar per aprenentatge pavlovi\u00e0 i altres.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fisiologia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El cos es prepara per reaccionar a una amena\u00e7a. Hi ha un augment d&#8217;adrenalina i ritme card\u00edac preparant els m\u00fasculs per fugir. Es dilaten les pupil\u00b7les es dilaten per estar m\u00e9s atents al possible perill.<br \/>\nLa reacci\u00f3 pot ser la fugida, la pseudoagressi\u00f3, o la immobilitat.<br \/>\nEn animals s&#8217;ha comprovat que davant una amena\u00e7a es poden alliberar feromones que alerten la resta de la comunitat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tipus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El p\u00e0nic, la por sobtada [el susto]. Emoci\u00f3 intensa i passatgera arran d&#8217;alguna cosa que espanta molt.<br \/>\nL&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/afectivitat-emocions-sentiments\/#ansietat\">ansietat<\/a> i preocupaci\u00f3 pel futur, &#8220;una sensaci\u00f3 cont\u00ednua d&#8217;intranquil\u00b7litat i nerviosisme provocada per una s\u00e8rie de pensament desagradables que no se&#8217;n van del cap.&#8221; Passatgera excepte en casos patol\u00f2gics.<br \/>\n[humans are 70% water, so we are basically, cucumbers with anxiety]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gesti\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Medicaments: glucocorticoides que inhibeixen receptors a l&#8217;am\u00edgdala (<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/anatomia\/#snervios\">Sistema nervi\u00f3s<\/a>).<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/la-industria-de-la-salvacio\/#terapia\">Ter\u00e0pies<\/a>\u00a0 cognitiva (CBT).<br \/>\nAltres: Escriure les pors, la fe religiosa. [Keep calm and carry on]5 maneres de calmar-se (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/culture\/article\/20230120-five-ways-to-be-calm-and-why-it-matters\">BBC<\/a>), <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">la filosofia estoica, la m\u00fasica, la imatge, els haiku.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"arts\">La por a les arts<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Art<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/fonsimatges\/art\/munchSkri1893.jpg\" width=\"400\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Edvard Munch. El xiscle. 1893<\/p>\n<p>El subg\u00e8nere de l&#8217;espant i patiment dels condemnats a l&#8217;infern en el tema del judici final. [L&#8217;objectiu era terroritzar els creients per que seguissin els dictats de l&#8217;esgl\u00e9sia cat\u00f2lica [<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/la-industria-de-la-salvacio\/\">la ind\u00fastria de la salvaci\u00f3<\/a>. \u00c9s de remarcar la similitud dels dimonis a diferents cultures com la cristiana i la japonesa, amb els banyes i les dents, que recullen el temor a les b\u00e8sties que mosseguen, i al foc]. : Bosco, <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/el-jardi-de-les-delicies-hieronymus-bosch\/\">el jard\u00ed de les del\u00edcies<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/el-carro-de-fenc-hieronymus-bosch\/\">el carro de fenc<\/a> (1490). Brueghel, Dulle Griet. Miquel\u00e0ngel, la <a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/la-capella-sixtina\/\">capella sixtina<\/a> (1536) Els gravats de Gustavo Dor\u00e9 per la Divina Comedia (<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/ephemeracat\/tf\/dc\/inferno.html\">Inferno<\/a>) (1861).<br \/>\nJap\u00f3: Els dimonis de l&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/escultura-kei\/\">escultura kei<\/a>\u00a0 s13. L&#8217;infern budista al <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hell_Scroll_(Nara_National_Museum)\">rotlle de l&#8217;infern<\/a>, s12.\u00a0 Xina: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diyu#Ten_Courts_of_Yanluo\">Els deu patis de l&#8217;infern<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/owlcation.com\/humanities\/The-Horrific-Chinese-Ten-Courts-of-Hell\">Haw Par<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Literatura<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>William Shakespeare, Macbeth (1606), amb les bruixes. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1798). Mary Shelley, Frankenstein (1818). Edgar Allan Poe, The Tell-Tale Heart, El pou i el p\u00e8ndol, la m\u00e0scara de la mort roja (1843). Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886). Bram Stoker, Dracula (1897). Henry James, The Turn of the Screw (1898). H.P. Lovecraft, The Call of Cthulhu (1928). Daphne du Maurier, Rebecca (1938). Shirley Jackson, The Lottery (1948), We Have Always Lived in the Castle (1962), The Haunting of Hill House. Harlan Ellison, I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream (1967) Stephen King, The Shining (1977). Mark Z. Danielewski, House of Leaves (2000). Josh Malerman, Bird Box (2014).<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Cinema<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nosferatu (1922). Frankenstein (1931). Dracula (1931). [Them! (1954) amb formigues gegants]. Psycho (1960). Night of the Living Dead (1968). The Exorcist (1973). The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). Jaws (1975). Carrie (1976). [Suspiria (197)]. Halloween (1978). The Shining (1980). The Thing (1982). A Nightmare on Elm Street&#8221; (1984). Evil Dead II (1987). Hellraiser (1987). The Silence of the Lambs (1991). Scream (1996). Ringu (1998). The Sixth Sense (1999). The Audition (1999).\u00a0 Hereditary (2018)<\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u00fasica<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[el poder de la m\u00fasica per suggerir emocions \u00e9s evident a les bandes sonores dels films de por.]<br \/>\nLa Tocata i fuga en Dm de JS Bach s&#8217;ha fet servir per suggerir amena\u00e7a. Tremolos sostinguts, anticipant un ensurt, disson\u00e0ncies, s\u00f3n recursos que els compositors han fet servir, recollint les innovacions de la m\u00fasica d&#8217;avantguarda. Sch\u00f6nberg estava complagut de la influ\u00e8ncia que havia tingut en bandes sonores per\u00f2 no tant que nom\u00e9s hi recorreguessin a passatges inquietants (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2024\/03\/18\/how-arnold-schoenberg-changed-hollywood\">How Sch\u00f6nberg changed Hollywood<\/a>, New Yorker 11\/03\/2024).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ErHFN6R6Z60\">Psycho<\/a>, Bernard Herrmann.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BX3bN5YeiQs\">Jaws<\/a> de John Williams. <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/wvB0UIDIhi0\">Alien<\/a> Jerry Goldsmith.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" data-en-clipboard=\"true\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Psicologia\u00a0Afectivitat, emocions, sentiments.\u00a0l\u2019experi\u00e8ncia afectiva\u00a0 \u00a0Un museu de les emocions Introducci\u00f3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Aspectes\u00a0 \u00a0 La por a les arts Introducci\u00f3 (VK) &#8220;Es defineix cl\u00ednicament com una pertorbaci\u00f3 angoixant de l&#8217;\u00e0nim a causa d&#8217;un risc o dany real o imaginari. \u00c9s tamb\u00e9 una aprensi\u00f3 que t\u00e9 alg\u00fa que li passi alguna cosa contr\u00e0ria al que desitja. La &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/sentiments-por\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Sentiments. Por&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[629],"tags":[168],"anotacio":[],"civilitzacio":[],"spec":[],"aspecies":[],"Tema poesia":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2254"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2254"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2254\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2254"},{"taxonomy":"anotacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/anotacio?post=2254"},{"taxonomy":"civilitzacio","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/civilitzacio?post=2254"},{"taxonomy":"spec","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/spec?post=2254"},{"taxonomy":"aspecies","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/aspecies?post=2254"},{"taxonomy":"Tema poesia","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/Tema poesia?post=2254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}