{"id":3420,"date":"2024-10-02T10:27:42","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T10:27:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/?p=3420"},"modified":"2024-12-12T09:51:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T09:51:52","slug":"dolor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/meumon.synology.me\/museu\/dolor\/","title":{"rendered":"Dolor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Afectivitat, emocions, sentiments<\/a>.\u00a0l\u2019experi\u00e8ncia afectiva<\/a>. El Museu de les emocions<\/a><\/p>\n

Neurologia<\/a>\u00a0 Q\u00fcestionari McGill<\/a>\u00a0 Tractament<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 Altres\u00a0<\/a> , Galeria<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Neurologia<\/h2>\n

Tenim uns 20M de nocireceptors ( receptors<\/a>) que ens fan sentir dolor.
\nEl dolor agut \u00e9s fonamental per detectar i reaccionar a una ferida d\u2019un teixit. \u00c9s un dels indicadors principals de\u00a0s\u00edmptomes<\/a>\u00a0de salut.
\nEl dolor cr\u00f2nic es defineix com el que dura m\u00e9s de sis mesos, o b\u00e9, que segueix present en abs\u00e8ncia de l\u2019agressi\u00f3 que hauria de corregir . Els m\u00e9s comuns s\u00f3n el mal d\u2019esquena i la migranya, [artritis reumatoide i c\u00e0ncer]. [com una alarma que segueix sonant sense motiu, o b\u00e9 que no hi ha res a fer perqu\u00e8 no sabem guarir el c\u00e0ncer ni l\u2019artritis].
\nLa\u00a0neurologia del dolor<\/a>, confirma tres capes, (1) la sensorial-discriminitiva que localitza la ubicaci\u00f3 i intensitat de l\u2019est\u00edmul, (2) l\u2019emocional, (el patiment i impuls de fugir-ne), i (3) la cognitiva.
\nT\u00e9 un paper fonamental per la superviv\u00e8ncia. L\u2019evoluci\u00f3 hauria anat consolidant mecanismes de detecci\u00f3 i evitaci\u00f3 de destrucci\u00f3 de teixits.<\/p>\n

\n

Experi\u00e8ncia subjectiva. Q\u00fcestionari McGill<\/h2>\n

En tant que experi\u00e8ncia subjectiva cal basar-se en el que reporta el subjecte. En termes de Margo McCaffery: \u201cPain is whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever he says it does\u201d (1968).<\/p>\n

Un dels q\u00fcestionaris estandaritzats \u00e9s el McGill<\/a> Pain Scale desenvolupat el 1971 per Ronald Melzack i Warren Torgerson:<\/p>\n

What Does Your Pain Feel Like?<\/strong>
\nStatement: Some of the following words below describe your present pain. Circle ONLY those words that best describe it. Leave out any category that is not suitable. Use only a single word in each appropriate category – the one that applies best.
\n1 (temporal): flickering 1. quivering 2. pulsing 3. throbbing 4. beating 5. pounding 6.
\n2 (spatial): jumping 1. flashing 2. shooting 3.
\n3 (punctate pressure): pricking 1. boring 2. drilling 3. stabbing 4. lancinating 5.
\n4 (incisive pressure): sharp 1. cutting 2. lacerating 3.
\n5 (constrictive pressure): pinching 1. pressing 2. gnawing 3. cramping 4. crushing 5.
\n6 (traction pressure): tugging 1. pulling 2. wrenching 3.
\n7 (thermal):hot 1 boring 2 scalding 3 searing 4
\n8 (brightness):_ tingling 1 itchy 2 smarting 3 stinging 4
\n9 (dullness): dull 1 sore 2 hurting 3 aching 4 heavy 5
\n10 (sensory miscellaneous): tender 1 taut 2 rasping 3 splitting 4
\n11 (tension): tiring 1 exhausting 2
\n12 (autonomic): sickening 1 suffocating 2
\n13 (fear): fearful 1 frightful 2 terrifying 3
\n14 (pinishment): punishing 1 gruelling 2 cruel 3 vicious 4 killing 5
\n15 (affective-evaluative-sensory: miscellaneous): wretched 1 blinding 2
\n16 (evaluative): annoying 1 troublesome 2 miserable 3 intense 4 unbearable 5
\n17 (sensory: miscellaneous): spreading 1 radiating 2 penetrating 3 piercing 4
\n18 (sensory: miscellaneous): tight 1 numb 2 drawing 3 squeezing 4 tearing 5
\n19 (sensory): cool 1 cold 2 freezing 3
\n20 (affective-evaluative: miscellaneous): nagging 1 nauseating 2 agonizing 3 dreadful 4 torturing 5
\npain score = SUM(points for applicable descriptors)<\/p>\n

How Does Your Pain Change with Time?<\/strong>
\nWhich word or words would you use to describe the pattern of your pain?:
\ncontinuous steady constant 1 rhythmic periodic intermittent 2 brief momentary transient 3
\nDo the following items increase or decrease your pain?
\n(1) liquor (2) stimulants such as coffee (3) eating (4) heat (5) cold (6) damp (7) weather changes (8) massage or use of a vibrator (9) pressure (10) no movement (11) movement (12) sleep or rest (13) lying down (14) distraction (TV reading etc.) (15) urination or defecation (16) tension (17) bright lights (18) loud noises (19) going to work (20) intercourse (21) mild exercise (22) fatigue<\/p>\n

How Strong is Your Pain?<\/strong>
\nStatement: People agree that the following 5 words (mild discomforting distressing horrible excruciating) represent pain of increasing intensity. To answer each question below write the number of the most appropriate word in the space beside the question.
\nWhich word describes your pain right now? mild 1 discomforting 2 distressing 3 horrible 4 excruciating 5
\nWhich word describes it at its worst? mild 1 discomforting 2 distressing 3 horrible 4 excruciating 5
\nWhich word describes it when it is least? mild 1 discomforting 2 distressing 3 horrible 4 excruciating 5
\nWhich word describes the worst toothache you ever had? mild 1 discomforting 2 distressing 3 horrible 4 excruciating 5
\nWhich word describes the worst headache yo ever had? mild 1 discomforting 2 distressing 3 horrible 4 excruciating 5
\nWhich word describes the worst stomach-ache you ever had? mild 1 discomforting 2 distressing 3 horrible 4 excruciating 5<\/p>\n

Interpretation: \u2022 minimum pain score: 0 (would not be seen in a person with true pain) \u2022 maximum pain score: 78 \u2022 The higher the pain score the greater the pain.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

L’experi\u00e8ncia del dolor<\/a><\/p>\n

Exemples, quins has experimentat tu?<\/p>\n

Punxada, mal de cap, picada insecte, cremada, tall, cop al cap, mal de queixal<\/p>\n

S\u00edmptomes<\/a>\u00a0que descrivim al metge.<\/p>\n

[ la tos i el nas tapat que ens impedeix respirar quan estem refredats]<\/p>\n

\n

Tractament<\/h2>\n

El dolor \u00e9s tractat amb analg\u00e8sics i anest\u00e8sia. Analg\u00e8sics: Paracetamol, Antiinflamatoris (aspirina, ibuprofen), opiodes (morfina, codeina), alcohol i cannabis.<\/p>\n

\n

Altres<\/h2>\n

Associaci\u00f3 internacional per l\u2019estudi del dolor<\/a>. \u00a0New Yorker,\u00a0La neuroci\u00e8ncia del dolor<\/a>,\u00a0El cas d\u2019una dona amb sentiments per\u00f2 incapa\u00e7 de sentir dolor.<\/a>\u00a0Picades d\u2019insectes<\/a>:\u00a0Schmidt sting pain index<\/a>. Yehuda Amichai:\u00a0L\u2019exactitud del dolor i la confusi\u00f3 de la felicitat<\/a><\/p>\n

[Del dolor estricte passar\u00edem a emocions negatives com el disgust i la por, que tamb\u00e9 tenen una base clarament evolutiva, evitar el contacte o consumir el que \u00e9s perjudicial, i fugir de les amenaces.
\n(CGPT) La tristesa tamb\u00e9 podria tenir una explicaci\u00f3 en termes d\u2019evoluci\u00f3. Seria el resultat de la frustraci\u00f3 d\u2019una expectativa no acomplerta i serviria per comunicar als altres la necessitat d\u2019ajuda. Reavaluar les expectatives i conservar recursos per a objectius assolibles evitant conductes de risc. Un mecanisme semblant explica la tristesa com a resposta per superar la p\u00e8rdua d\u2019alg\u00fa estimat [ten\u00edem l\u2019expectativa que seria amb nosaltres i haurem d\u2019aprendre a viure sense. Despr\u00e9s vindrien sentiments m\u00e9s complexos, la vergonya, la culpa, l\u2019ef\u00edmer i al brevetat de la vida, el cansament i l\u2019avorriment]<\/p>\n

El patiment, causes externes de dolor: guerres<\/a>\u00a0amb ferides\u00a0,\u00a0malalties<\/a>\u00a0i epid\u00e8mies,\u00a0Refugiats<\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0Pobresa<\/a>]<\/p>\n

\n

Galeria<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Balthasar Permoser. Die Verdammnis. 1725<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Laocoont\u00a0 ( an\u00e0lisi<\/a> de la contradicci\u00f3 entre l’expressi\u00f3 de les celles i el front)<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Paul Dard\u00e9, Eternelle Douleurs, 1913<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Afectivitat, emocions, sentiments.\u00a0l\u2019experi\u00e8ncia afectiva. El Museu de les emocions Neurologia\u00a0 Q\u00fcestionari McGill\u00a0 Tractament\u00a0 \u00a0 Altres\u00a0 , Galeria Neurologia Tenim uns 20M de nocireceptors ( receptors) que ens fan sentir dolor. El dolor agut \u00e9s fonamental per detectar i reaccionar a una ferida d\u2019un teixit. \u00c9s un dels indicadors principals de\u00a0s\u00edmptomes\u00a0de salut. El dolor cr\u00f2nic es … <\/p>\n

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